How to prevent H7N9 bird flu in spring

The National Health and Family Planning Commission will continue to closely follow the progress of the epidemic and take timely and effective measures in light of the situation to effectively protect public health. H7N9 is a subtype of avian influenza. Influenza virus particles are covered by two types of surface glycoproteins, type 1 is plant hemagglutinin (H), type 1 is neuraminidase (N), H is divided into 15 subtypes, N is divided into 9 subtypes. All human influenza viruses can cause avian influenza, but not all avian influenza viruses can cause human influenza, avian influenza viruses, H5, H7, H9 can be transmitted to humans, H5 is highly pathogenic. According to the characteristics of the influenza virus can be divided into a total of 135 subtypes of HxNx, H7N9 subtype of avian influenza virus is one of them, only found in birds, no human infection has been found. The biological characteristics, pathogenicity and transmissibility of the virus have not yet been analyzed. Bird flu and eating poultry meat is not directly related to in addition to H and N such nominature, we hear the most is the bird flu, swine flu such a statement, many people hear such a name, immediately associated with poultry and pigs, is not unsafe. Actually, this is a big mistake. The reason why influenza is named after birds and pigs is because it refers to the source of influenza viruses. Human flu actually comes from animals. Studies have found that the ultimate host of all influenza is wild birds such as ducks. Through domestic birds and mammals, spread to humans, the most common vectors are quail, chickens and pigs, so many influenza is also named after the transmission of animal vectors, namely bird flu and swine flu. Why would an animal flu virus be infected by a human? Did people get it from eating birds or pigs? In fact, the reason why the influenza virus in animals can spread to people is very related to the structure of the influenza virus. Generally speaking, there is a receptor in both humans and animals that can bind to the flu virus, and different flu viruses need different receptors, flu viruses are like screws, and the receptors in humans and animals are like nuts, which need to be paired successfully to cause infection. When a flu virus has receptors in both humans and animals, the flu virus can spread between humans and animals. Instead, it can only be transmitted between humans or animals. So, how do viruses in animals get infected by people? We should not just see a "bird" word, but also pay attention to the two words "flu". "Bird flu" is also influenza, the main way of transmission and other influenza viruses, but also through the respiratory tract transmission, prevention methods and respiratory diseases are the same. Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by an influenza virus. Influenza viruses can be divided into three types: A (A), B (B), and C (C). Among them, influenza A can be divided into 135 subtypes of HxNx according to the characteristics of influenza viruses, and the H7N9 subtype of avian influenza virus is one of them, which has been found only in birds, and no human infection has been found. According to the China CDC report, no unusual increase in influenza activity has been detected recently. Experts believe that according to the current medical observation results of close contacts, there is no indication that the virus has a strong ability of human-to-human transmission. With only three confirmed human cases of the H7N9 bird flu virus so far, research data on the virus and the diseases it causes are very limited, and experts are making further judgments about the virulence of the virus and its ability to spread from person to person. There is currently no vaccine for H7N9. Experts suggest that once the symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection such as fever and cough, especially those with high fever and breathing difficulties, they should seek medical attention in time. Personal hygiene practices, such as frequent hand-washing and covering the nose and mouth when coughing and sneezing, can effectively prevent respiratory infections such as influenza. At the same time, contact with and consumption of sick (dead) poultry and livestock should be avoided. Since medical personnel have more contact with patients with infectious diseases than the general public, experts advise them to take necessary precautions when treating patients. Preventive measures: 1, strengthen physical exercise, pay attention to nutrition, ensure adequate sleep and rest, in order to strengthen resistance. 2, as far as possible to reduce unnecessary contact with birds, especially with sick, dead poultry contact. Wash hands frequently, keep away from poultry secretions, contact with birds or bird droppings, take care to use disinfectant and clean hands thoroughly. 3, should try to buy quarantined poultry products in the regular sales of bird flu epidemic places. 4, develop good personal hygiene habits, strengthen indoor air circulation, open the window for half an hour 1 to 2 times a day. Eat poultry meat should be cooked, cooked through, when eating eggs eggshell should be washed with running water, should be cooked and heated fully, do not eat raw or half-raw eggs. Get enough sleep and rest, eat a balanced diet, and pay attention to some immune-boosting foods rich in vitamin C. Regular physical exercise to increase the body's ability to resist the virus. 5. Schools and kindergartens should take measures to teach children not to feed wild pigeons or other birds, and to wash their hands thoroughly immediately after contact with birds or bird droppings. Avoid contact with birds during your travels, such as bird parks, farms, markets or parks; Do not feed pigeons or wild birds. 6, do not underestimate the severe cold, bird flu symptoms are similar to other influenza symptoms, such as fever, headache, cough and sore throat, etc., in some cases, can lead to complications, resulting in death. Therefore, if there is fever, headache, nasal congestion, cough, general discomfort and other respiratory symptoms, you should wear a mask, as soon as possible to the hospital, and be sure to tell the doctor whether you have been to the bird flu epidemic area before the onset of the disease, whether contact with sick birds and other situations, and under the guidance of the doctor treatment and medication.